Reference Counting vs GC

The cluster centers on debates about whether reference counting constitutes garbage collection, its performance costs like overhead from increments/decrements and handling cycles, and comparisons to tracing GC in languages such as Rust, Swift, and Python.

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Keywords

RC AFAIK COW CPU GC GNU RAII NET RefCell API reference counting counting reference gc garbage collection garbage collection memory arc deterministic

Sample Comments

rat9988 • Jan 30, 2023 • View on HN

reference counting is not necessarily faster.

moonchild • Oct 18, 2022 • View on HN

Reference counting is much slower than 'garbage collection'.

pkulak • May 10, 2025 • View on HN

That reference counting is done at runtime. It’s a runtime garbage collector. It’s different than a generational GC, but it’s GC. Those cycles to increment and decrement a counter attached to every object at ever touch aren’t free. All the downvotes in the world won’t make that free.

Ygg2 • Aug 4, 2016 • View on HN

Reference counting is GC. Simple, but GC.

true_religion • Aug 13, 2012 • View on HN

Does ref-counting count as garbage collection?

LessDmesg • Dec 14, 2019 • View on HN

Reference counting is not better, it's a poor man's GC. Reference counting means: 1) instruction pollution from all the refcount updates and their synchronization 2) circular references, ie memory leaks 3) too much time spent freeing memory (whereas a generational GC spends time on live objects only) 4) memory fragmentation and hence slow allocation (whereas in a normal GC allocation is just O(1)

sklogic • May 24, 2016 • View on HN

Reference counting is never fast. Even on a single core.

Ono-Sendai • Feb 29, 2020 • View on HN

Why don't you use reference counting GC?

pjmlp • Oct 29, 2022 • View on HN

Reference counting is hardly modern, and is a GC algorithm.

eridius • May 2, 2016 • View on HN

Ah so you're defining reference-counting as garbage collection?