Network MTU Limitations

Discussions center on the standard 1500-byte MTU on the internet, challenges with jumbo frames, IPv6 minimums of 1280 bytes, path MTU discovery, and overhead from encapsulation or headers reducing effective payload sizes.

📉 Falling 0.4x DevOps & Infrastructure
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Keywords

e.g CPU MUST VLAN DF MTU SAN PMTUD UDP FAQ packets bytes packet 1500 ethernet ipv6 size minimum frames wireguard

Sample Comments

chasd00 Aug 25, 2022 View on HN

wouldn't the default mtu of 1500 bytes in most routers negate that? Maybe things have changes since hte last time i thought about mtu but at one time it was 1500 bytes.

ronsor Jan 13, 2026 View on HN

Reduced MTU chopping off your maximum packet size from all the extra headers and other overhead you're adding?

binarybanana Aug 31, 2021 View on HN

That would suck for anything IPv6 (minimum MTU is 1280, as opposed to 576 or something around that).

vampire_dk Nov 11, 2015 View on HN

Normally, an ethernet or wifi restricts an MTU of 1500. I use ping packets accordingly

oofabz Nov 17, 2015 View on HN

That's true, it's a bad idea to assume an MTU of 1500. Although there is no minimum MTU in IPv4, IPv6 specifies a minimum of 1280 bytes. So if you send your UDP packets over IPv6, you are guaranteed room for 1232 bytes of payload.

xenadu02 Jan 1, 2017 View on HN

In reality the MTU is 1500 because the odds of all devices on a given path supporting anything larger is almost zero. The only way IPv6 could have helped was mandating a larger fixed known MTU... say 4096 or 8192.

theblazehen Nov 17, 2023 View on HN

If you're not blocking ICMP, then PMTUD will take care of any issues where other hosts don't support jumbo frames

warent Apr 21, 2023 View on HN

I have CenturyLink business internet with a static IP. It has 1492 MTU. So technically 1500 isn't always true, sometimes it's smaller :)

pqcsam Mar 29, 2022 View on HN

Did you try 9000? You are right around the nebulous jumbo frame mtu, and there are different implementations.

tyingq Jun 2, 2017 View on HN

I assume it's not mentioned to keep the article brief, but most devices these days support MTU sizes greater than 1500 bytes. Jumbo Frames[1] allow for ethernet packets of up to 9216 bytes.Since they have to be fragmented back down to 1500 for devices that don't support them, however, it's typically only used in closed internal networks, like a SAN. People typically see about a 5% to 10% bump in performance.[1]<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jumb